I know the following suggestion contradicts what you have already been advised to do, but it will give you a greater chance of success ... and is easier.
I suggest the following as the best way to move forward from here:
- Fit the hard drive back into the laptop where it came from.
This removes two potential problems:
- Using Windows.
- Using the SATA-USB adapter.
- Create a bootable CD (UBCD) which will not only provide you with an operating system and a means to access the hard drive and your files if that is possible, but also several tools that will allow you to test the hard drive.
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Please do the following on a working computer:- You will need a new blank writable CD.
- Download UBCD and burn to a CD: If you do not already have a suitable burning program for writing .ISO images to disc ...
- Download and install ImgBurn.
- Ensure that you UN-check the box agreeing to install the Ask toolbar during the installation.
- Place a new (blank) CD disc in the drive tray.
- Choose Write image file to disc.
- Under Source, click on the Browse button: Navigate to and select the .ISO file that you wish to burn.
- Place a check-mark in the box beside Verify.
- Click

- When the CD has been burned and verified as successful, it will be bootable.
Boot the ailing computer with the UBCD.- (You may have to configure the Boot Menu or BIOS Setup Menu to boot first from the optical/CD/DVD drive.)
- At the first menu screen, select Parted Magic and press <ENTER>.
Use Default settings ... - At the Parted Magic Desktop, double-click File Manager.
A new window will open. - In the left window pane, click on the folder that represents your Windows system drive where your files will be located.
Do you see the files? If so, that is good! Please let us know if this allows you to see/access all your folders and files.
If not, then go to step 3 below and test the hard drive. - If there are files on the hard drive that you wish to retrieve/backup, then copy them to a USB drive/flashdrive now.
- Shut down Parted Magic.
- Start button (in lower left corner of the screen) > Logout > Shutdown the computer.
Run Seagate's diagnostic utility to test the hard drive.Boot with the UBCD again and at the first screen select
HDD and press <ENTER>.
- Arrow-down to Diagnosis and press <ENTER>.
- Arrow-down the screen all the way to the next page and highlight SeaTools for DOS V2.23 and press <ENTER>.
- Click OK (the mouse should be working now).
- When the tool has finished scanning for hard drives, do you see the HDD details (Model/Serial numbers) in the box under Drive List?
If so, that is good!
If not, then you have a problem: Let us know about it. - On the menu at the top of the window, click on Basic Tests > Short test and allow the test to complete.
- Then run the Long test, which will take a considerably longer time to complete.
- Click on Exit to close SeaTools and shut down the computer.
Please let us know the result of running the two tests.