Once a disk has been formatted, all of the disk is set to 0s, meaning data recovery through software is not possible. (Assuming the (default) full format mode). Quick format does not reset to 0.
To my knowledge, if the system was not full formatted, something like TestDisk may be able to recover your partition table, though I have not ever tried it myself.
http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/TestDiskHave a nice day,
Billy3